آینده‌نگاری مبتنی بر فنون شناختی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران

3 استادیار، پژوهشگاه ارتباطاتا و فناوری اطلاعات

چکیده

هدف این مقاله ارائه چارچوبی برای آینده‌نگاری با تمرکز بر نقش رویکردهای شناختی و ترکیب آن با مفهوم نقشة شناختی فازی است. چارچوب پیشنهادی از سه مرحلة پیش‌آینده‌نگاری، اصلی و پساآینده‌نگاری تشکیل می‌شود. در مرحلة اصلی آینده‌نگاری، به‌منظور تعیین آینده مطلوب، تمرکز محوری بر نقش تصور و شهود در ترسیم آینده در ذهن خبرگان، به‌تصویر کشیدن تصورات خبرگان در قالب یک نقشة شناختی فازی اجتماعی متأثر از متغیرهای دور و نزدیک از بافت‌های داخلی و خارجی مرتبط با موضوع است. از نقاط قوت این چارچوب می‌توان به نمایش سیر تکاملی شناخت خبرگان از موضوع آینده، از جمع‌آوری داده‌ها تا به تصویر کشیدن نقشه‌ها و تحلیل و تجمیع آن­ها، به‌منظور دستیابی به دانش و فهم درباره آینده و شکل‌گیری خرد درباره موضوع آینده اشاره نمود. این مهم با شناسایی آینده‌های محتمل و تعیین آینده مطلوب در مرحلة اصلی آینده‌نگاری چارچوب پیشنهادی، محقق می‌شود. به‌علاوه استفاده از نقشة شناختی، نقش متغیرها و توالی آن­ها در آیندة مطلوب را شفاف نموده و امکان برنامه‌ریزی متغیرهای کنترل‌پذیر برای دستیابی به آیندة مطلوب را فراهم می‌آورد. اعتبارسنجی تحقیق، با بررسی اهمیت مؤلفه‌­های چارچوب پیشنهادی براساس روش آنتروپی شانون و نیز مقایسة این چارچوب با سایر چارچوب‌های مطالعه شده براساس عوامل کلیدی و دریافت نظرات خبرگان انجام شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Foresighting Based on Cognitive Map

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Shafia 1
  • Mohammad Rahimi Moghaddam 2
  • Kambiz Badie 3
1 Associate Professor, Iran University of Science and Technology
2 Ph.D. Student, Iran University of Science and Technology
3 Assistant Professor, Iran Telecommunication Research Center (ITRC).
چکیده [English]

The paper's aim is to present a foresight framework based on cognitive approaches and Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM). The proposed framework includes three phases of pre-foresight, main-foresight and post-foresight. One of the main strengths of this framework is its ability to present the evolutional trend of experts' cognition on future which begins from data gathering, mapping their imagination, analyzing and summarizing them to achieve knowledge and understandings of the future and ends by forming the wisdom about it. This trend helps to identify probable futures and determine preferable one. Moreover, focus on FCM in this framework clarifies the role of variables and their sequence which facilitates planning for the controllable variables to achieve preferable future. Finally the components of proposed framework are evaluated based on the frameworks reviewed and success factors of foresight frameworks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foresight
  • FCM
  • Intuition
  • Insight
  • Wisdom
 
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