مفهوم‌سازی بومی: روشنفکران و بیماری هلندی در ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

2 دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

چکیده

جوامع گوناگون در زمان‌‌های مختلف همواره با وقایعی روبه‌رو بوده‌اند که واجد ویژگی‌های منحصربه فرد بوده و متفکران این جوامع نیز در جهت شناخت این پدیده‌های نوظهور سعی در مفهوم‌سازی و نظریه‌پردازی آن‌ها بر اساس دستگاه‌های نظری مختلف داشته‌اند. در شرایط سیطره فرهنگی و سیاسی مدرنیته‌ی غربی در قالب گفتمان‌های آکادمیک در کشورهای غیرغربی، در لایه‌های عمدتاً غیر آکادمیک این کشورها و بیشتربه وسیله روشنفکران که ارتباط بیشتری با متن اجتماعی داشته‌اند، به شکل مقدم مفاهیم و نظریه‌سازی‌های نوینی در عرصه‌ی اجتماعی شکل می‌گیرد. مفاهیمی که نقش مهمی در شناخت نیات، اهداف، مقاصد و اندیشه‌ اشخاص دارد. مسئله‌ نفت و پیامدهای اجتماعی آن در ایران معاصر موضوع تفکر بسیاری از متفکران و روشنفکران اجتماعی بوده است. بیماری هلندی بعنوان وضعیتی که در آن درآمد ناشی از فروش یک منبع طبیعی صرف واردات بی‌رویه کالاهای مصرفی و در نتیجه ایجاد تقاضای فزاینده‌ی کاذب می‌شود. در این نوشتار درپی آن هستیم تا با روشی تفسیری در قالب روش هرمنوتیک عینی به تحلیل دو اثر از روشنفکرانی که خطر این بیماری را چه بصورت مستقیم و آگاهانه و چه غیرمستقیم تشخیص داده بودند همت گماریم. این دو روشنفکر جلال آل احمد و محمد ابراهیم باستانیپاریزی هستند که به ترتیب در کتاب غرب‌زدگی و حماسه کویر به مسئله بیماری هلندی البته نه با این نام پرداخته‌اند و برخی پیامدهای آن را نیز متذکر شده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Indigenous Conceptualization: Intellectuals and Dutch Disease in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • َAbbas Jong 1
  • Abdollah Dolatabadi 2
1 PhD student at Allameh Tabatabai University
2 Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Various communities in various periods have encountered with the events with unique features and the theorists of these communities to recognize these new phenomena attempted to conceptualize and theorize them based on various theoretical systems. Under cultural and political dominance of western modernity in the form of academic discourses in non-western countries, in non-academic layers of these countries and mostly by the Intellectualswith more relationship with social context, it forms as prior form of new concepts and theorizing in social field.Oil issue and its social outcomes in contemporary Iran is the thought issue of many social Intellectualsand theorists. Dutch disease as a condition in which the oil-sale revenue is dedicated to unduly import of goods and creation of false increasing demand is one of the outcomes of oil issue in contemporary Iran and it has been investigated for years before 60s decade in European Netherland by Iranian Intellectuals. The present study attempted to analyze two works of the Intellectualsdetecting the risk of this disease as directive and consciously or indirectly by interpretive method in the form of objective hermeneutic method. These two Intellectualsare Jalal Al-e-Ahmad and Mohammad Ebrahim Bastani Parizi who referred to Dutch disease in the book of "Plagued by the West" (Gharbzadegi) and “Desert epic”(Hemaseye Kavir) respectively, but in the other terms and notions and some of outcomes of this phenomenon were also mentioned.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Intellectuals Objective hermeneutic
  • Agriculture
  • Natural resources
  • Rentier economy
1. Alahmad, Jalal. (2005), Plagued by the West" (Gharbzadegi), Tehran: Jameh Dardan Publications
2. Bakhtiari, Sadegh. Haghi, Zahra. (1380), Investigating the effects of increasing oil revenues on agricultural sector: Dutch disease in Iranian economy, Agricultural Economics and Development, ninth year, No. 35: 109-13
3. Bastani Parizi, Mohammad Ibrahim. (1357), Desert Epic, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing House
4. Cardon,m, Kretschmer,T & Strobel,T(2013), Schaum's Outline of Spanish Grammar, Economic and Policy
5. Farhadi, Morteza. (2009), Assistive Anthropology, Tehran: Publication of the Sales
6. Farhadi, Morteza (1991). Industry versus Tradition or Beyond, Tehran: Quarterly Journal of Research 1
7. Farzanegan, M. R & G. Markwardt (2009). The Effects of Oil Price Shocks on The Iranian Economy. Energy Economics, 31: 134- 151
8. Foran, John. (2009), fragile resistance: the history of social change of Iran: from 1500 AD according to the Islamic Revolution of 879 AD, Ahmad Tadayon translation, Tehran, Rasa Cultural Services Institute
9. Habermas, Jürgen. "The Analytical Theory of Science and Dialectics," in The Positivist Dispute in German Sociology, translated by Glyn Adey and David Frisby (London: Heinemann, 1976), pp. 131-162.
10. Hamidizadeh, M. R. (2018). Reconstraction and Articulation of organizational and national knowledge, Tehran, Adiban publishing.
11. Hesamyan, Farrokh. (2009), Urbanization in Iran, Tehran: Awareness publication
12. Huwey, David K. (2010). Critical Circle: Literature, History and Philosophical Hermeneutics, Translated by: Morad Farhadpour, Tehran: Roshangan Publishing and Women's Studies
13. Karimzadeh, Mostafa et al (2009), Dutch Disease Study in Iranian Economy: The Effect of Exchange Relationship on Investment Structure, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Volume 6, Issue 4, pp. 147- 172
14.Katouzian, Mohammad Ali (2009). no articles in Iran's historical sociology of oil and economic development, translated by Alireza Tayeb, Tehran: Markaz Publishing
15.Katouzian, Mohammad Ali (1993). Political Economy of Iran, Translation by Mohammad Reza Nafisi and Kambiz Azizi, Tehran: Markaz Publishing
16. Lynn Cal, Terry. (2015). Controversy: oil booms and oil states, translated by Jafar Kheirkhahan, Tehran, Publication of Ney
17. Mannheim, Carl. (2010). The Sociology of Intellectuals, in the Sociology of Knowledge: Historical Course, Theories and Perspectives, Translator: Jawad Afshar Ahan, Tehran: Pajhwok Publication
18. Paseban, Fatemeh. (2004), Impact of oil price volatility on Iranian agricultural production, Economic Research, 12: 117-136
19. Samadi, Saeed and Abolfazl Yahia Abadi and Nooshin Moallemi. (2009), Analysis of the effect of oil shocks on macroeconomic variables in Iran, Journal of Economic Research and Policy, No. 52, Winter 88, pp. 5- 26
20. Vaezi, Ahmad. (2010), Revenue on Hermeneutics, Tehran: Publishing Organization of the Research Institute for Islamic Culture and Thought
21. Zamanzadeh, Hamid and Seyed Ahmadreza Jalali Naini and Mahdieh Shahrokh. (1393), Dutch Disease Disorders Mechanism in Iranian Economy, Dynamic Randomized General Equilibrium Approach, Money and Bank Research, No. 19, Spring 93, pp. 69- 101