تحلیل پویایی نظام حمایت در ساختار منابع انسانی پارک‌های علم و فناوری ایران

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی / موسسه آموزش عالی امام جواد یزد

2 استاد تمام دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد تمام دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد دانشگاه صنعتی شریف

4 پژوهشگر پسادکتری پویایی شناسی سیستم‌ها، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، مدیر گروه پژوهشی پویایی شناسی سیستم‌ها در

5 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت کارآفرینی و پژوهشگر گروه پژوهشی پویایی شناسی سیستم‌ها در موسسه آموزش عالی امام جواد(ع) یزد

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی ساختار پویای نظام حمایت در ساختار منابع انسانی پارک‌های علم و فناوری با استفاده از پویایی‌شناسی سیستم‌ها و مدل‌سازی گروهی است. تحقیق حاضر بر مبنای رویکرد پویایی‌های سیستمی و از روش مدل‌سازی گروهی انجام پذیرفته است. این پژوهش از نظر روش انجام، یک پژوهش آمیخته (کیفی و کمی) و از نظر هدف نیز، یک پژوهش کاربردی است. به‌منظور انجام پژوهش حاضر، با استفاده از نظر خبرگان در مصاحبه‌های عمیق مدل‌سازی گروهی، بازتعریف مسئله و همچنین تدوین فرضیه پویا و مدل‌های مختلف پویایی‌های سیستمی (شامل نمودار رفتار در طول زمان، تصویر غنی، نمودارهای علت و معلولی و جریان) طراحی گردید. برای این منظور طبق نظر وینز و گری از مشارکت گروه 8 نفره استفاده شد که اعضای آن به‌صورت هدف‌مند در دسترس انتخاب شدند که شامل دو مدیر از ستاد پارک، دو مدیر از شرکت‌های فناور، دو کارمند از شرکت‌های فناور و دو فارغ‌التحصیل دانشگاه بودند. یافته‌های این پژوهش در قالب گام‌های مدل‌سازی پویایی‌شناسی سیستم‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار ونسیم تجزیه ‌و تحلیل شدند. نتایج حاصل از مدل‌سازی سبب شناسایی سه راهکار میرا شدن حمایت‌های پارک در کنار توسعه خدمات پارک، ایجاد کانون ارزیابی و توسعه نیروی انسانی و توسعه نهادها و فرآیندهای آموزشی پارک‌های علم و فناوری گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Dynamics Analysis of the Support System in the Structure of Human Resources of Iranian Science and Technology Parks

نویسندگان [English]

  • Dariush Poursarrajian 1
  • Mohammad Saeed Taslimi 2
  • Alinaghi Mashayekhi 3
  • Ali Haji Gholam Saryazdi 4
  • Mojgan Soltani 5
1 Faculty member of IJU
2 Professor, Tehran university
3 Professor, Sharif University of Technology,
4 System Dynamics PostDoc Researcher at Faculty of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology, Director of the System Dynamics Research Group in Imam Javad University College
5 MSa
چکیده [English]

Aim and Introduction: Despite the elite and educated forces in the country and the existence of science and technology parks to support them and the impact of park policies on established companies, human resources and society; The question is why there is no relative satisfaction with the human resource situation of science and technology parks and technology companies. This issue is more important because the country's macro orientations are towards the knowledge-based economy, and in this economy, the main factor is human knowledge resources. So, the purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic structure of the support system in the human resource structure of science and technology parks.
Methodology: This research has been done by using system dynamics approach and through group model building method.This research is a mixed method research (qualitative and quantitative) and in terms of purpose, it is an applied research. In order to conduct the present study, using expert opinion in in-depth group modeling interviews, problem redefining as well as dynamic hypothesis and various models of system dynamics (including behavior diagrams over time, rich picture, cause and effect diagrams and flow) were designed. For this purpose, according to Winz and Gary (2007) from a group of 8 people whose members were purposefully selected, which included two managers from the park headquarters, two managers from technology companies, two employees from technology companies and two university graduates.
Finding: The findings of this study were analyzed in the form of system dynamics modeling steps using Vensim software. Examination of the data in the dynamic problem definition showed that despite the growth of human resources in the environment and consequently the park's expectations of human resources growth of companies, the quality of human resources of technology companies has not grown much over time and has continued to move with an almost constant trend. This issue shows the importance of effective factors as well as effective policies on improving the quantitative and qualitative level of human resources in science and technology parks. Problem modeling also showed that the whole system consists of two interactive human resource models in the headquarters of science and technology parks and an interactive human resource model in technology companies with 6 reinforcing loops and 5 balancing loops.
Discussion and Conclusion: The results of modeling led to the identification of three strategies for reducing park support along with the development of park services, the establishment of a center for evaluation and development of human resources and the development of institutions and educational processes of science and technology parks.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Group Model Building
  • System Dynamics Approach
  • Support System
  • Human Resources
  • Science and Technology Parks in Iran

مراجع

  1. Abdalkarim, G. M. (2012). The impact of human resource management practices on organizational performance in Saudi banking sector. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(21), 188-196.
  2. Asghari, H., Daneshfard, K., & Mirsapasi, N. (2017). Provide a model for evaluating the performance of science and technology parks. Journal of Resource Management in police power. 4(1), 11 - 34. (In Persian)
  3. Ashrafi, A., Jazani, N., Memarzadeh Tehran, Gh., Afshar,, & Mohammad, A. (2019). Strategies to improve the quality of work life of government employees. Periodical of Strategic Management Studies, 10(38), 151-173. (In Persian)
  4. Astuti, M., & Wahyuni, H. C. (2018). Green human resource management implication on increasing productivity of small and medium enterprises. IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series 3, 170-173.
  5. Darreh,, Mahsa, K., Mohammad, S., & Panahifar, F. (2019). Investigating the role of science and technology parks in the innovative performance of ICT companies. Industrial Management Perspectives, 9(2), 57-79. (In Persian)
  6. Delin,, Xibao, L., & Jiagui, Ch. (2010). Patent propensity in small technologybased.
  7. Feyz, D., & Shahabi, A. (2013). Modeling the role of knowledge and industry coordination centers in developing the relationship between university and industry with a system dynamics approach. University and Industry, 5(17,18), 135 - 158. (In Persian)
  8. Forrester, J. W., & Senge, P. M. (1980). Tests for building confidence in system dynamics models. In System Dynamics (A. A. Legast, J. W. Forrester and J. M. Lyneis, eds). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
  9. Guest, E., Jaap, P., & Patrick, W. (2012). HRM and performance: Achievements and challenges. John Wiley & Sons.
  10. Haji Gholam Saryazdi, A. (2020). The dynamics of technology level changes in technology companies in Yazd science and technology park. Innovation Management Periodical. 9(2), 63-93. (In Persian)
  11. Haji Gholam Saryazdi, A. & Manteghi, M. (2014). Analysis of Yazd science and technology park policies effect on the technology development of the institutions located in it using the system dynamics approach. Innovation Management Periodical. 2 (2), 69-98. (In Persian)
  12. Haji Gholam Saryazdi, A., & Poursarrajian, D. (2021). Qualitative system dynamics model for analyzing of behavior patterns of SMEs, HighTech and Innovation Journal (HIJ), 2(1), (March), 9-19, 2021.
  13. Haji Gholam Saryazdi, A., & Sohrabi, S. (2020), Dynamics The effect of policies of the Information Technology Development Center of Yazd Science and Technology Park on the liquidity of technology companies located in it, Technology Development Management Periodical, 8(2), 177-208. (In Persian)
  14. Hayton, J. C., & Kelley, D. J. (2005). Competing in the new economy: the effect of intellectual capital on corporate entrepreneurship in high-technology new ventures, R&D Management, 35(2), 137-55.
  15. Hosseinian, Sh., & Shariati Jam, H. (2017). Develop a strategy for the human resource conservation process. Periodical of Strategic Management Studies, 9(36), 19-39. (In Persian)
  16. IASP site, 2018, http: //www.iasp.ws
  17. Khayatian, M. S., Tabatabai, S. H., Amiri, M., & Eliassy, M. (2016). Characteristics content analysis of the knowledge-based companies. Organizational Resource Management Research,
    5(2),     47-21. (In Persian)
  18. Krishnan, T. N., & Hugh S. (2017). Talent management and dynamic view of talent in small and medium enterprises.Human Resource Management Review 27(3), 431-441.
  19. Machado, C. (2015). International human resources management: challenges and changes. Springer, Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  20. MacDonald, S., & Deng, Y. (2004). Science parks in China: a cautionary exploration. International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning.
  21. Malekpour, A., & Mohammadi, F. (2014). Investigating the fields and barriers of employment for undergraduate university graduates in the humanities in Bijar. Work and Society, June 2013, 157, 24 - 37. (In Persian)
  22. Manshgar, M., & Abbasi, A. (2017). Pathology and strategies to support managers in the growth and development of human resources. Human Resources Education and Development, 3(8), 29-56.
  23. Mohammad Hashemi, Z. (2019). Investigating the behavior of human resources research and development in knowledge-based companies in response to fiscal and tax policies: A case study of Iran. Technology Development Management, 7(3), 91-124. (In Persian).
  24. Mousavi, A. R., Azar, A., Elahi, Sh., & Muqbal Ba'riz, A. (2014). Science and technology parks and urban, local and regional economics; identifying the underlying factors affecting the performance evaluation of this emerging organization. Periodical of Urban Economics and Management. 3, 45-55. (In Persian)
  25. Niu,, Yordying T., Theerath, P., & Kiatniyom, K. (2011). The application of job characteristics model on generation Y employees in Zhongguancun science park (Z-Park) of China, Journal of Global Business Review, 13(1).
  26. Pelagidis, T. (2008). Human resource development within greek science and technology parks spin-offs, Human Resource Development International, 11(2), 207-214, DOI: 10.1080/13678860801933012.
  27. Poursarajian, D. (2019). Provide an interactive model of human resource management in science and technology parks with emphasis on system dynamics approach. PhD Thesis in Public Management, Organizational Behavior, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran. (In Persian)
  28. Rogoff, E. G., Lee, M. S., & Suh, D. C. (2004). Who done it?, Attributions by entrepreneurs and experts of the factors that cause and impede small business success. Journal of Small Business Management, 42(4), 364-376.
  29. Sehat, S., Taghvifard, T., Salami, R., & Afsharian, M. (2019). A model for the successful implementation of talent management in knowledge-based companies. Periodical of Strategic Management Studies, 10(37), 41-60. (In Persian)
  30. Sepahvand, R., & Saedi, A. (2021). Analyzing the effect of information capital on improving the performance of start-up businesses with the role of human resources opportunism mediation. Periodical of Strategic Management Studies, 12(45). (In Persian)
  31. Shafiee Nikabadi, M., & Ghouchankanloo, S. (2016). The effect of the quality of services provided by science and technology parks on the growth performance and innovation of established companies; Case study: Pardis Technology Park. Technology Growth Periodical. 11 (43), 55-61. (In Persian)
  32. Shadan, S., Poursarajian, D., & Zare, R. (2014). Analysis and design of appropriate structure of science and technology parks. Specialized Periodical of Parks and Growth Centers. 10 (37), 22-33. (In Persian)
  33. Stanković, I., & Gocić, M. (2009). Human resources management as a base for foundation of science and technology parks. Tehnika-Menadžment, 59(4), 13-16.
  34. [34] Sterman, J. (2000). Business dynamics: systems thinking and modeling for a complex world. Boston: McGraw-Hill Publishing.
  35. [35] Sugandhavanija, P., Sukchai, S., Ketjoy, N., & Klongboonjit, S. (2011). Determination of effective university–industry joint research for photovoltaic technology transfer (UIJRPTT) in Thailand. Renewable Energy, 36(2), 600-607.
  36. [36] Swart, J., Mann, C., & Brown, S.(2005). Human resource development: Strategy and tactics. Routledge.
  37. [37] Talebi, K., Sanaeipour, H., & Heidari, N. (2012). Explain the role of science and technology parks in the growth of technology-based companies. Entrepreneurship Development. 3(11),
    147-166. (In Persian)
  38. [38] Wei, Z. (2010). Human capital accumulation: the route selection of the sustainable development of agriculture science and technology park. Science & Technology Progress and Policy, 6, 013
  39. [39] Winz, I., & Gary, B. (2007). Participatory methods in environmental system dynamics projects. The 2007 International Conference of the System Dynamics Society and 50th Anniversay Celebration, – Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  40. [40] Xie, K., & et al., (2018). Technological entrepreneurship in science parks: A case study of Wuhan Donghu High-Tech Zone. Technological Forecasting and Social Change,(2018).
فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی
دوره 13، شماره 50
تیر 1401
صفحه 247-269

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 10 مرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آبان 1400

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار