ارزیابی پویای اثربخشی سیاست‌های توسعه سیستم مدیریت ایمنی و بهداشت شغلی

نوع مقاله : علمی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه ایوان‌کی، گرمسار، ایران

چکیده

توسعه سیستم مدیریت ایمنی و بهداشت شغلی در هر سازمان به‌منظور ایجاد محیط کار بدون ترس از حادثه و نیز اجتناب از بیماری‌های شغلی ضروری است. حفاظت از کارگران در مقابل عوارض سوء ناشی از مواجهه با عوامل مخاطره‌زا، نیازمند مداخلات اثربخش پیشگیری در محیط کار و توسعه سیستم مدیریت ایمنی و بهداشت شغلی است. حوادث شغلی، حاصل وجود مجموعه‌ای از موارد ناایمن شامل اعمال و شرایط ناایمن هستند که به همراه عوامل کمک‌کننده دیگر منجر به بروز سوانح و آسیب‌های شغلی می‌شوند. ازاین‌رو درک و فهم ساختار مولد حوادث شغلی با تأکید بر شناسایی روابط فی‌مابین اجزا به نگاهی همه‌جانبه‌نگرانه به‌منظور ایجاد مداخلات لازم ضروری است. همچنین وجود یک سیستم پشتیبان تصمیم به‌منظور ارزیابی مبتنی بر مدل اثربخشی سیاست‌های بهبود سیستم، امکان توسعه اثربخش آن را فراهم می‌نماید. با هدف پاسخ به این نیاز، پژوهش حاضر با به‌کارگیری روش‌شناسی پویایی‌شناسی سیستم، برای مدل شبیه‌سازی حوادث شغلی و بازنمایی روابط اجزا ارائه می‌نماید. همچنین نتایج اجرای سه راه­کار ایجاد مهندسی عوامل انسانی، ایجاد فرهنگ ایمنی و استانداردسازی محیط روی مدل شبیه‌سازی گردید. نتایج نشان ‌می‌دهد سیاست‌های ایجاد فرهنگ ایمنی و مهندسی عوامل انسانی هر دو قدرت بالایی در کاهش حوادث در کوتاه‌مدت دارند اما در بازه زمانی طولانی‌مدت، ایجاد فرهنگ ایمنی، اثربخش‌ترین سیاست توسعه سیستم مدیریت ایمنی و بهداشت شغلی با ایجاد روند نزولی در رخداد حوادث شغلی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Model-Based Assessment of Effectiveness of Occupational Safety and Health Management System’s Policies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Bastan
  • Leila Azizi Baraftabi
  • Alimohammad Ahmadvand
چکیده [English]

The development of occupational safety and health management system is essential for all organization, to create a work environment without fear of incident and to avoid occupational diseases. Protecting workers against adverse effects from exposure to risk factors requires effective workplace prevention interventions and the development of occupational safety and health management systems. Occupational accidents are the result of a range of unsafe situations involving unsafe acts and unsafe conditions that, together with other contributing factors, can lead to injuries. Therefore, understanding and understanding of the work-creating disaster structure, with an emphasis on identifying the relationships between components, is necessary for a comprehensive look at the necessary interventions. Also, there is a decision support system to evaluate the effectiveness model of the system improvement policy, which allows for its effective development. With the aim of responding to this need, the present study presents the dynamic modeling methodology for simulation model of occupational accidents and representation of component relationships. Also, the results of implementing three strategies for creating human factors engineering, creating a safety culture and standardizing based on the environment on the simulation model. The results show that policies for creating a safety culture and human resource engineering have both a high power in reducing disasters, but in the long run, creating a safety culture is the most effective policy for developing a health and safety management system.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Unsafe act
  • unsafe condition
  • Safety Culture
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • system dynamics

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فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی
دوره 11، شماره 41
بهار 1399
صفحه 175-198

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 26 تیر 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 02 مهر 1398

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