فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی

فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی

مطالعه دو رویکرد مدیریت اسلامی و رایج در هدف‌گذاری راهبردی سازمان با استفاده از نظریه نقاط مرجع راهبردی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان
محمد حسین کیانی گهر 1
سید جواد امینی 2
1 دانشجوی دکتری، مجتمع دانشگاهی پدافندغیرعامل، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، دانشگاه عالی دفاع ملی، تهران، ایران
10.22034/smsj.2024.473880.2057
چکیده
هدف‌گذاری راهبردی به عنوان یکی از ارکان اساسی مدیریت سازمانی، نقش حیاتی در هدایت سازمان‌ها به سمت موفقیت ایفا می‌کند. این پژوهش به مطالعه تطبیقی دو رویکرد مدیریت اسلامی و رایج در هدف‌گذاری راهبردی می‌پردازد و به دنبال پاسخ به این سوال است که نقاط مرجع راهبردی از دیدگاه مدیریت اسلامی در چه حوزه‌هایی تعریف می‌شود؟ و این امر از طریق مطالعه تطبیقی با رویکرد رایج مدیریت به چه صورت است؟ همچنین پژوهش میتواند در شناسایی نقاط قابل بهبود مطالعات مدیریت اسلامی نقش‌آفرینی داشته و به جهت‌دهی مطالعات آتی این حوزه کمک کند. این پژوهش از مدل نقاط مرجع راهبردی به عنوان نظریه تجمیع کننده ادبیات حوزه راهبرد استفاده نموده و برای احصاء بینش در خصوص ادبیات مدیریت اسلامی از روش مرور سیستماتیک اسستفاده کرده است. در نهایت نتایج یافت شده بر مدل نظریه نقاط مرجع منطبق شده و سعی در شناخت نقاط مرجع راهبردی از رویکرد مدیریت اسلامی و همچنین نقاط تشابه و افتراق آن با رویکرد رایج مدیریت راهبردی دنبال شده‌است. یافته‌های این پژوهش بر لزوم تحقیق بیشتر بر ابعاد رقبا و ذی‌نفعان از منظر اسلامی تاکید کرده و نشان می‌دهد که تمرکز اصلی مدیریت اسلامی تا کنون بر ابعاد ارزش‌ها و ویژگی‌های شخصی و شخصیتی مدیر بوده است. تطبیق دو رویکرد مدیریت اسلامی و راهبردی می‌تواند به مدیران و تصمیم‌سازان کمک کند تا با هدف‌گذاری کامل تر و همسوتر،کیفیت تصمیمات راهبردی و در نتیجه عملکرد سازمان را بهبود بخشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تئوری نقاط مرجع راهبردی
مدیریت اسلامی
مدیریت راهبردی
هدف‌گذاری

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The theory of strategic reference points in the Islamic management approach and the common strategic goal setting of the organization

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Hossein Kiani Gohar 1
Seyed Javad Amini 2
1 PhD student, Urban Planning and Crisis Management, Malik Ashtar University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty member of National Defense University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction
Faced with rapid technological advancements, economic shifts, and global challenges, organizations today require a more strategic approach than ever before. At the heart of this approach lies strategic goal setting—a fundamental component of organizational management that guides entities toward success and excellence. This intricate, multifaceted process, grounded in strategic management principles, enables organizations to navigate the volatile business landscape with clarity and foresight. Strategic goal setting is the systematic practice of defining a long-term vision, establishing key objectives, and crafting actionable strategies to achieve them. It encompasses both quantitative and qualitative goals, along with a comprehensive analysis of the organization's internal and external environments. This includes identifying opportunities, recognizing threats, and evaluating internal strengths and weaknesses. In essence, strategic goal setting serves as a vital link, bridging the organization’s current state with its aspirational future.
Methodology
This study adopts a systematic literature review methodology to analyze research related to strategic goal-setting and Islamic management. A seven-step process guides the extraction of codes, categories, and findings from relevant studies. Systematic literature reviews serve as secondary research tools, particularly useful for resolving differing perspectives within a field. This approach allows researchers to address specific, pre-designed questions systematically.Literature reviews can be categorized into four main purposes: descriptive, testing, expansive, and critical, encompassing ۱۶ distinct types of systematic reviews differentiated by their objectives and methods. Among these, thematic synthesis—a subcategory of systematic literature review—focuses on analyzing a limited number of studies. Given the novelty and significance of the research topic in Islamic management, thematic synthesis was selected as an appropriate method to explore theories and develop a model aligned with the research objectives.This method follows a structured framework to code textual data, whether from documents, reports, or electronic sources, creating a comprehensive map of existing research. Subsequently, the results are synthesized to construct a cohesive picture of the phenomenon under investigation. Conclusions and generalizations are drawn based on these coded themes and concepts, offering valuable insights into the study area.
Results and Discussion
The research identifies strategic reference points within Islamic management literature and compares them with conventional strategic management perspectives. It reveals that Islamic management places a strong emphasis on personal values and leadership qualities, whereas conventional approaches focus more on competitive dynamics and stakeholder interests. Utilizing the strategic reference point theory, the study explains how strategic decisions are shaped by perceived realities and expected outcomes, influenced by the reference points that managers prioritize.
The findings are organized into seven main themes:
1. Personal values of managers
2. Personal and personality traits of managers, including soft skills
3. Professional knowledge and hard skills
4. Laws and regulations
5. Religious rulings
6. Cultural characteristics of the system
7. Service to others
These themes highlight the focal points emphasized in Islamic management literature. Key categories were derived from this thematic analysis, identifying four core reference points proposed by Islamic management to enhance organizational performance through strategic decision-making. A comparative analysis with the strategic reference model showed that themes related to policies, managerial characteristics, and culture align with the internal strategies dimension. This alignment underscores the centrality of individual values and managerial traits in Islamic management. Notably, the analysis found no themes that fell outside the strategic reference model. However, it identified a relative lack of emphasis on stakeholder engagement, particularly in addressing adversarial interactions, within the Islamic management framework.
Conclusion
The study concludes that aligning Islamic management principles with strategic management practices can enhance the understanding of strategic goal-setting in organizations. This alignment has the potential to improve strategic decision-making and elevate organizational performance. The research emphasizes the need for further exploration into competitor and stakeholder dimensions from an Islamic perspective and advocates for the practical application of Islamic management principles in strategic goal-setting. The study utilized a systematic review methodology to examine goal-setting within organizations from an Islamic perspective, identifying and analyzing key themes and reference points. A comparative analysis was conducted to align these findings with strategic reference theory, uncovering significant parallels and distinctions between Islamic management principles and conventional strategic reference points. The findings reveal a strong emphasis on the internal dimension of strategies, particularly managerial characteristics, culture, and policies. In contrast, the external dimension primarily focused on customer-related guidelines, with less emphasis on competitors and stakeholders. This highlights a gap in the literature, calling for further research into these areas to develop a more comprehensive understanding of Islamic strategic management. The study categorizes and standardizes strategic reference points and their associated themes, providing a foundational framework for strategic goal-setting from an Islamic perspective. These findings offer valuable insights for researchers and managers, enabling the effective integration of Islamic principles into organizational goal-setting and strategic alignment. Identified research gaps point to opportunities for future studies to enrich the Islamic management literature by investigating competitor and stakeholder reference points. Such efforts could further advance organizational knowledge and performance in strategic management, fostering a deeper integration of Islamic values with practical business strategies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Goal setting
Islamic management
Management
Strategic management
Strategic reference points
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فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی
دوره 16، شماره 63
پاییز 1404
صفحه 61-81

  • تاریخ دریافت 27 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 23 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 28 بهمن 1403