مدل ارزیابی سیاست‌های مدیریت ریسک بالینی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه ایوان‌کی، گرمسار، ایران

چکیده

خطاهای بالینی نه تنها باعث کاهش سطح ایمنی بیمار، آسیب به سلامتی و حتی مرگ بیمار شده و بلکه منجر به از دست رفتن وجه پزشک و برند بیمارستان می‌گردد. بر اساس آمار سازمان جهانی بهداشت، اشتباهات پزشکی هشتمین علت مرگ افراد است. وجود سیستم مدیریت ریسک بالینی ابزاری نظام‌مند است جهت به حداقل رساندن خطا و پیشگیری از بروز خطاهای سیستماتیک است. برخورداری از این سیستم اثربخش، نیازمند شناسایی ساختار سیستمی مولد رفتار مشکل‌زا و همچنین یافتن سیاست‌های مناسب بهبود است.پژوهش حاضر بر شناسایی ساختار سیستمی مؤثر بر رخداد خطاهای بالینی در بیمارستان‌ها با رویکرد پویایی‌شناسی سیستم تمرکز دارد. در این رویکرد پس از نگاشت ساختار سیستمی مولد مسئله، حلقه‌های بازخوردی بازنمایی می‌شود. همچنین با ارائه یک مدل شبیه‌سازی، امکان ارزیابی سیستمی اثربخشی سیاست‌های مدیریتی امکان‌پذیر است.نتایج نشان می‌دهد سیاست‌های ایجاد پرونده الکترونیک سلامت، فرهنگ ایمنی بیمار و حاکمیت بالینی در کاهش خطاهای بالینی نقش مؤثری دارند. از این میان سیاست بهبود فرهنگ ایمنی بیمار سیاستی است که با بیشترین اثربخشی معرفی می‌گردد.نظام سلامت ایران علی‌رغم رشد زیرساخت‌های سلامت و سیاست‌گذاری‌های جدید، خطاهای پزشکی با روند در حال رشد مواجه است و این موضوع به یکی از چالش‌های مهم سیاست‌گذاران حوزه سلامت تبدیل شده است. توسعه زیرساخت و تلاش برای بهبود شاخص‌های عملکردی بدون برخورداری از درک سیستمی از مسئله، منجر به کاهش میزان خطاهای بالینی در بیمارستان‌ها و مراکز سلامت نخواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling Evaluation of Clinical Risk Management Policies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Bastan
  • Elaheh Zadfallah
  • Alimohammad Ahmadvand
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Eyvanakey, Garmsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: Clinical errors reduce patient's safety, damage their health and even can be cause of death. On the other hand, it leads to the loss of the physician’s image and hospital's brand. According to the World Health Organization’s report, medical errors are the eighth cause of people death. Having an appropriate clinical risk management system as a systematic tool is crucial for minimizing errors and preventing systematic errors. It requires identifying the systemic structure of the problematic behavior generator as well as finding efficient improvement policies.
Methods: The present research focuses on identifying the systemic structure affecting the occurrence of clinical errors in hospitals with System Dynamics approach. Based on this methodology, after mapping the system structure, feedback loops are represented. Also, by presenting a simulation model, it is possible to have a model-based assessment of management policies.
Results:The results show that management policies such as implementing Electronic Health Record and clinical governance and also creation patient safety culture have a significant effect on reducing clinical errors. Among them, the promoting patient safety culture is introduced as the most effective policy.
Conclusion: In Iran’s health system, despite the growth of health infrastructure and new improvement policies, medical errors continue to increase with increasing trends, and this has become one of the important issues of health policy makers. Infrastructure development and efforts to improve performance indicators without having a systemic insight of the problem will not reduce clinical errors in hospitals and health centers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clinical Risk Management
  • Electronic health record
  • Patient Safety
  • Clinical Governance
  • System Dynamics
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