فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی

فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی

شناسایی سیستماتیک عوامل مؤثر بر تنش در هم‌‌رقابتی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گلناز رستمی 1
محمدعلی شاه حسینی 2
محسن نظری 2
1 دانشجوی دکتری، پردیس بین‌المللی کیش، دانشگاه تهران، ایران
2 استاد، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
10.22034/smsj.2023.395142.1841
چکیده
هم‌رقابتی - همکاری و رقابت هم‌زمان میان شرکت‌ها - پدیده‌ای مهم در مدیریت راهبردی است. هم‌رقابتی می‌تواند به سطوح عملکردی بالاتر بینجامد. مشارکت در هم‌رقابتی اغلب باعث تنش، رفتار فرصت‌طلبانه و نشت دانش می‌شود و رابطه‌ای آسیب‌پذیر ایجاد می‌کند. هدف مقاله حاضر، مرور سیستماتیک پژوهش‌های قبلی در خصوص عوامل مؤثر بر تنش در هم‌رقابتی است. برای دستیابی به هدف مقاله حاضر، با استفاده از روش مرور سیستماتیک، پس از استخراج و بررسی پژوهش‌های متعدد، در نهایت 87 مقاله برای بررسی عمیق‌تر انتخاب گردید. پس از تعیین مسئله پژوهش به جست‌و‌جو پیرامون کلیدواژه‌ها پرداخته شد. جست‌وجو‌ی کلیدواژه‌ها در مقاله‌های نمایه شده مرحله اول طی سال‌های 2017 تا 2022 و در مرحله دوم طی سال‌های 1995 تا 2017 انجام شد. با بررسی پیشینه پژوهش این حوزه در ایران طی سال‌های اخیر مشخص شد که پژوهشگران بر توسعه مبانی هستی‌شناختی رقابت همکارانه، شرایط شکل‌گیری، فرآیندهای زیربنایی و نتایج آن تمرکز کرده‌اند. آن‌ها این امر را با استفاده از روش‌های مختلف پژوهش انجام داده‌اند. از یک سو، بسیاری از مطالعات ماهیت مفهومی یا اکتشافی داشته‌اند و غالباً موارد منفرد را برای ارائه یک مبنای مفهومی اولیه مورد بررسی قرار داده‌اند. از سوی دیگر، مطالعات کمی برای بررسی همبستگی بین متغیرهای رابطه متمایز مشارکتی، از جمله اثرات ویژگی‌های شریک بر کارایی، تأثیر تنش‌ها بر نتایج و ارزش انجام شده‌اند. شاکله اصلی مبانی نظری عوامل مؤثر بر تنش در هم‌رقابتی بر چهار عامل تمرکز دارد که عبارت‌اند از: پارادوکس، تعارض، ناسازگاری و روابط.  
کلیدواژه‌ها
هم‌رقابتی
تنش
همکاری
رقابت
تعارض

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Identification systematic of factors affecting tension in coopetition

نویسندگان English

Golnaz Rostami 1
Mohammad Ali Shahhoseini 2
Mohsen Nazari 2
1 PhD student, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Introduction
Coopetition - cooperation and simultaneous competition between companies - is important in strategic management. Coopetition can lead to higher performance levels. Coopetitive partnerships often cause tension, opportunistic behavior, and knowledge leakage, creating a vulnerable relationship. Due to its difficult and potentially harmful nature, coopetition is known as one of the most complex and demanding organizational phenomena. The purpose of this article is to systematically review previous research regarding factors affecting tension in coopetition. The CASP program was used to conduct this research and to check the quality of selected articles. In the next step, MAXQDA2020 software was used for data analysis, coding, and theme analysis. Through the Shannon entropy technique, the indicators obtained from the previous stage were weighted and selected based on priority. Finally, by using the identified codes and their classification, the factors affecting the tension in the coopetition have been identified.
Methodology
To achieve the goal of this article, using the systematic review method, after extracting and reviewing numerous studies, finally 87 articles were selected for deeper review. After determining the research problem, search for research keywords in the databases of international authoritative articles including Scopus, Web of Science and Elsevier, Emerald websites, the internal website of the articles including the website of the Journal of Business Management, Strategic Management Studies, and the Quarterly Journal of Iranian Management Sciences and many others. The search for these keywords was performed in the indexed articles of the first stage during the years 2017 to 2022 and in the second stage during the years 1995 to 2017. In the first stage of the search, during the years 2017 to 2022, a forward search was used to search for articles, and in the second stage of the search, during the years 1995 to 2017, a backward search was used to find all articles related to the research problem. 
 Results and Discussion
Due to the competitive aspect of the coopetitive relationship, there are many tensions in the coopetitive relationship. These tensions can harm the quality of cooperation between competitors. They can cause mistrust, mutual negative effects, and intractable conflicts between competitors. By examining the background of research in this field in Iran in recent years, it was found that researchers have focused on the development of the ontological foundations of cooperative competition, its formation conditions, underlying processes, and its results. They have done this using different research methods. On the one hand, many studies have been conceptual or exploratory in nature and have often examined individual cases to provide an initial conceptual basis. On the other hand, few studies have been conducted to examine the correlation between distinct partnership relationship variables, including, for example, the effects of partner characteristics on performance, the impact of tensions on outcomes, and value.
Conclusion
Considering the review of the background of both competitive and non-competitive research focusing on the topic of tension in Iran and observing little research in this field due to the novelty of this topic in the country's management literature, the results of the present research can contribute to knowledge enhancement and innovation in the field of coopetition in Iran's researches. After reviewing and analyzing the selected articles, it was found that the main structure of the literature on factors affecting tension in coopetition focuses on four factors: paradox, conflict, incompatibility, and relationships. In this research, the conceptual framework of the factors affecting the tension in coopetition has been determined based on the analysis and composition of the identified factors.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Coopetition
Tension
Cooperation
Competition
Conflict
Alliance
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